LL-37

LL‑37 is a naturally occurring human antimicrobial peptide from the cathelicidin protein family. It plays a key role in the innate immune system as a first line of defense against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. In addition to its antimicrobial functions, LL‑37 has been investigated for immune modulation, wound healing, tissue regeneration, and inflammatory balance.

⚗️ Product Features

• 🧪 Human‑derived cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide

• 🛡️ Involved in innate immune defense mechanisms

• 📈 Supports cellular migration & repair pathways

• ✅ ≥98 % purity verified by HPLC

• 📄 Batch‑specific Certificates of Analysis (COAs) included

• 💧 Sterile, lyophilized peptide for research applications

🔬 Human‑Relevant Research Applications

🛡️ Innate Antimicrobial Activity & Immune Response

LL‑37 is a key component of the human innate immune system, exhibiting broad‑spectrum antimicrobial activity and supporting immune cell recruitment and pathogen defense mechanisms.
🔗 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10989-025-10778-z — LL‑37 shows antimicrobial activity against diverse clinical bacterial isolates and plays an important role in human innate immunity.

🩹 Wound Healing & Tissue Regeneration

LL‑37 has been shown to promote re‑epithelialization, cell proliferation, and epithelial migration in human skin tissue models, indicating roles in tissue repair and healing.
🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12603850/ — LL‑37 is involved in re‑epithelialization of human skin wounds and is upregulated during wound healing.

🧾 Mechanism Summary

• 🦠 Supports broad antimicrobial defense across bacterial and other pathogen classes

• 🧠 Modulates immune cell activity and signaling

• 🩹 Promotes tissue repair and wound closure pathways

• 🔄 Contributes to immunological and inflammatory balance in innate responses

🔄 Reconstitution & Handling Guidance

1️⃣ Reconstitute using sterile bacteriostatic water
2️⃣ Add appropriate volume based on research protocol
3️⃣ Gently swirl — do not shake
4️⃣ Store reconstituted peptide at 4–10 °C
5️⃣ Refrigerate unopened vials until use

❓ Frequently Asked Research Questions

What is LL‑37 primarily studied for?
LL‑37 is studied as a key innate immune peptide with antimicrobial breadth and roles in wound healing, immune regulation, and tissue repair.

How does LL‑37 interact with human tissue during injury response?
Research shows LL‑37 levels increase in wounded epithelial tissue and contribute to cell migration and re‑epithelialization, supporting repair mechanisms.